When is Breast Surgery or Oncoplasty Necessary as per the best surgical oncologist in Kolkata?

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Welcome to the blog page of Dr. Sunny Khanna, one of the best surgical oncologist in Kolkata.

Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer affecting women across the world, including India. As with most cancers, early detection and timely intervention are crucial for improving survival rates and maintaining quality of life. Surgery is a key component in the treatment of breast cancer, but not every case requires the same type of procedure. Understanding when breast surgery or oncoplasty is necessary can help patients make informed decisions about their care.

As one of the best surgical oncologist in Kolkata, I, Dr. Sunny Khanna, aim to provide clarity on this critical topic.

What is Breast Surgery?

Breast surgery for cancer can involve removing the tumor (lumpectomy) or the entire breast (mastectomy), depending on the stage of the disease, the size of the tumor, and other factors. Surgery is often paired with other treatments like chemotherapy, radiation, or hormone therapy to ensure the complete removal of cancerous cells and reduce the risk of recurrence.

There are primarily two types of breast surgeries in breast cancer treatment:

1. Lumpectomy: Also known as breast-conserving surgery, it involves removing only the tumor and a small margin of surrounding healthy tissue. This option is usually recommended for early-stage breast cancer where the tumor is small and confined.
2. Mastectomy: Involves removing the entire breast. This may be necessary if the tumor is large, if there are multiple tumors, or if the patient has a genetic predisposition to breast cancer, such as BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations.

What is Oncoplasty?

Oncoplasty combines cancer surgery with plastic or reconstructive surgery techniques. The goal of oncoplastic surgery is to remove the cancer while also reshaping or reconstructing the breast, aiming for both oncological safety and aesthetic outcomes. This approach is especially important for women who undergo lumpectomies or mastectomies and wish to maintain a natural breast appearance post-surgery.

As the best surgical oncologist in Kolkata, I emphasize the importance of tailoring the treatment plan to suit each patient’s medical needs and personal preferences. Oncoplasty offers an effective option for women who want to prioritize both their health and appearance.

When is Breast Surgery or Oncoplasty Necessary?

Breast surgery, whether a lumpectomy or mastectomy, becomes necessary when breast cancer is detected. The decision between the two depends on several factors:

1. Tumor Size and Location: If the tumor is large or centrally located, a mastectomy may be recommended. If it’s small and localized, a lumpectomy with oncoplasty might suffice.
2. Stage of Cancer: Early-stage breast cancers are more likely to be treated with breast-conserving surgery. Advanced stages may require more extensive surgeries, like mastectomy, and potentially reconstructive procedures.
3. Patient’s Genetic Risk: Women with a high genetic risk of developing breast cancer (e.g., BRCA mutations) may opt for a preventive mastectomy, even if no cancer is currently detected.
4. Personal Preference: Some patients may prefer a mastectomy to reduce the anxiety of recurrence, while others might prioritize breast conservation. Oncoplastic surgery allows for both cancer treatment and aesthetic reconstruction in one procedure.
5. Multiple Tumors or Widespread Cancer: In cases where cancer is present in multiple areas of the breast or is spreading, a mastectomy is often required to eliminate all cancerous tissue.
6. Previous Radiation Therapy: If a patient has already undergone radiation therapy, further radiation may not be advisable, making a mastectomy the preferred option.

Benefits of Oncoplasty

Oncoplasty provides several advantages, both medical and psychological. Combining tumor removal with reconstructive techniques ensures that the cancer is treated while minimizing the impact on the breast’s appearance. Some of the key benefits include:

• Preservation of Breast Shape: Oncoplasty helps maintain the natural shape and contour of the breast, even after a large tumor removal.
• Improved Symmetry: After a mastectomy, reconstruction techniques can be used to improve the symmetry between the two breasts.
• Boost in Confidence and Mental Health: Breast surgery can be an emotionally challenging process for many women. Oncoplastic techniques help improve self-esteem and body image, which are vital for overall mental health during recovery.

Recovery and Aftercare

The recovery period after breast surgery varies depending on the extent of the surgery. For lumpectomies, recovery is usually quicker, while mastectomy patients may require more time, especially if they undergo reconstructive surgery. Post-surgery care is essential, including regular follow-ups, imaging tests, and possibly further treatments like radiation or chemotherapy.

As the best surgical oncologist in Kolkata, I always ensure that my patients receive the best postoperative care to enhance their recovery and long-term outcomes.

What are the early signs of breast cancer that I should look out for?

Common Early Signs of Breast Cancer

• Lump in the Breast or Armpit: This is the most common symptom. Lumps may feel hard, soft, rubbery, or have irregular edges. They can vary in size and may not always be visible.
• Changes in Nipple Appearance: Look for changes such as inversion (nipple turning inward), pulling to one side, or changes in direction. Nipple discharge that is clear, red, brown, or yellow can also be a warning sign.
• Skin Changes: This includes redness, dimpling, puckering, or a texture resembling orange peel on the breast skin. Scaliness around the nipple area may also occur.
• Swelling or Thickening: Noticeable swelling in the breast or underarm area may indicate cancer. A thickened area that feels different from surrounding tissue should be evaluated.
• Persistent Pain or Discomfort: While breast pain is often associated with benign conditions, persistent pain that does not resolve can be concerning. However, pain is rarely the first symptom of breast cancer.
• Unexplained Changes in Size or Shape: Any noticeable difference in the overall size or shape of your breasts should be investigated by one of the best surgical oncologist in Kolkata like Dr. Sunny Khanna.

Additional Symptoms to Monitor

• Ulcers on the Breast or Nipple: Open sores that do not heal can signify more advanced disease.
• Itching or Rash: Persistent itching or a rash on the breast may also indicate underlying issues.

Importance of Awareness

Regular self-examination and being familiar with how your breasts normally look and feel can help you detect any changes early. If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s essential to consult a healthcare provider promptly, even if the symptoms seem minor. Early detection significantly improves treatment outcomes and survival rates.

How often should I perform a breast self-exam?

Frequency of Breast Self-Exams

• Monthly Exams: It is recommended that women perform a breast self-exam at least once a month. This frequency helps in becoming familiar with the normal look and feel of your breasts, making it easier to notice any changes over time.
• Timing for Menstruating Women: For those who still have menstrual cycles, the best time to perform a self-exam is a few days after your period ends. This timing minimizes tenderness and swelling, allowing for a more accurate assessment.
• Timing for Post-Menopausal Women: Women who are post-menopausal or have irregular periods should choose a consistent day each month to perform their self-exam, such as the first or last day of the month. For, any changes contact Dr. Sunny Khanna, one of the best surgical oncologist in Kolkata.

Importance of Regular Self-Exams as per the best surgical oncologist in Kolkata

Regular self-exams are crucial because they can help detect changes early. While most lumps found are benign, any persistent changes should be reported to a healthcare provider promptly. Early detection can significantly improve treatment outcomes.

Also Read: Is AI the Future of Cancer Surgery?| Ask the Best Surgical Oncologist in Kolkata

How do I choose the best surgical oncologist in Kolkata for my breast cancer treatment?

1. Qualifications and Experience

• Educational Background: Look for an oncologist with advanced degrees in surgical oncology, such as an MS in General Surgery and a DNB in Surgical Oncology.
• Years of Experience: Consider the number of years the surgeon has been practicing. Experienced surgeons often have more exposure to various cases and complications.

2. Specialization in Breast Cancer

• Ensure that the oncologist specializes in breast cancer surgery. Some may focus on specific techniques like oncoplasty or minimally invasive surgeries, which can be beneficial depending on your condition.
• For instance, Dr. Arghya Basu is recognized for his expertise in breast cancer surgery among other specialties, making him one of the best surgical oncologists in Kolkata.

3. Hospital Affiliation

• The quality of the hospital where the surgeon practices is crucial. Look for hospitals that are well-equipped with advanced technology and have a dedicated oncology department.
• Institutions like Tata Medical Center and Apollo Multispeciality Hospitals are known for their comprehensive cancer care services.

4. Patient Reviews and Recommendations

• Research online reviews and testimonials from previous patients. This can provide insight into the surgeon’s approach, bedside manner, and overall patient satisfaction.
• Websites like Practo and Lybrate can help you find ratings and reviews for various oncologists in Kolkata.

5. Consultation Process

• Schedule an initial consultation to discuss your diagnosis, treatment options, and any concerns you may have. This meeting will also help you gauge how comfortable you feel with the doctor.
• A good oncologist will take the time to explain procedures, answer questions, and discuss potential outcomes.

6. Multidisciplinary Approach

• Breast cancer treatment often requires a team approach involving medical oncologists, radiation therapists, and other specialists. Ensure that your chosen surgeon collaborates with a multidisciplinary team to provide comprehensive care.
• For example, Yashoda Hospitals offers outreach consultations with top surgical oncologists who work closely with other specialists to tailor treatment plans.

7. Innovative Techniques

• Inquire about the latest surgical techniques available, such as robotic surgery or oncoplastic techniques that aim to preserve breast appearance while effectively treating cancer.
• Surgeons who are up-to-date with advancements in technology may offer better outcomes.

What are the risks associated with breast surgery for cancer treatment?

Common Risks of Breast Surgery

1. Infection

Infections can occur at the surgical site, leading to symptoms such as redness, swelling, fever, and increased pain. While antibiotics can often manage infections effectively, severe cases may require further intervention.

2. Bleeding and Hematoma

Excessive bleeding during or after surgery can lead to hematoma formation, where blood collects in the surgical area. This condition may require drainage and can prolong recovery time.

3. Seroma

After surgery, fluid accumulation at the site (seroma) can occur, especially following lumpectomy or mastectomy. This may cause swelling and discomfort and might need to be drained if it becomes significant.

4. Lymphedema

If lymph nodes are removed during surgery, patients may experience lymphedema, characterized by swelling in the arm or chest area due to fluid buildup. This condition can be chronic and may require physical therapy or compression garments for management.

5. Nerve Damage

Surgery can sometimes damage nearby nerves, resulting in numbness, tingling, or pain in the chest or arm. While some nerve damage may resolve over time, others may lead to long-term sensory changes.

6. Changes in Sensation

Patients may experience changes in how their breasts feel post-surgery. This can include loss of sensation or altered sensation in the breast tissue or reconstructed breasts.

7. Wound Healing Issues

Problems with wound healing can arise due to factors like infection or poor blood supply to the area. This may necessitate additional treatments or surgeries.

8. Anesthesia Risks

General anesthesia carries its risks, including allergic reactions and complications related to existing health conditions. Patients should discuss their medical history with their healthcare team before surgery.

Long-Term Risks

• Psychological Impact: The physical changes resulting from surgery can affect body image and emotional well-being. Patients may benefit from counseling or support groups.
• Recurrence of Cancer: Although surgery aims to remove cancerous tissue, there is always a risk of recurrence either locally or in other areas of the body.

Mitigating Risks

• Preoperative Assessment: A thorough evaluation by the surgical team can help identify individual risk factors and tailor the surgical approach accordingly.
• Infection Prevention: Prophylactic antibiotics are often administered before surgery to reduce the risk of infection.
• Postoperative Care: Following discharge from the hospital, adhering to postoperative care instructions is crucial for minimizing complications.
• Follow-Up Appointments: Regular follow-ups allow healthcare providers to monitor recovery and address any emerging issues promptly. To,

FAQ

1. When is breast surgery necessary for breast cancer?

Breast surgery is necessary when a tumor is detected. It could involve removing just the tumor (lumpectomy) or the entire breast (mastectomy), depending on the size, location, and stage of the cancer.

2. What is oncoplastic surgery, and when is it needed?

Oncoplastic surgery combines cancer removal with reconstructive techniques. It’s needed when patients want to remove cancerous tissue while preserving the natural appearance of the breast.

3. Is oncoplasty suitable for all breast cancer patients?

Oncoplasty is suitable for early-stage breast cancer patients or those undergoing lumpectomy, allowing for cancer removal while maintaining breast shape. However, the suitability depends on tumor size and location.

4. How do I decide between lumpectomy and mastectomy?

The decision depends on factors like the size and location of the tumor, stage of cancer, genetic risk, and patient preference. Consulting the best surgical oncologist in Kolkata ensures a tailored approach.

5. Can oncoplasty be done immediately after a mastectomy?

Yes, oncoplastic reconstruction can be done immediately after a mastectomy to restore breast shape, offering both cancer treatment and cosmetic reconstruction in one procedure.

Conclusion

Understanding when breast surgery or oncoplasty is necessary is crucial for making informed decisions about breast cancer treatment. Every patient’s journey is unique, and as the best surgical oncologist in Kolkata, my goal is to provide personalized care that meets the specific needs of each individual. Whether it’s preserving breast tissue through oncoplasty or ensuring complete cancer removal via mastectomy, timely intervention, and expert care can significantly improve the outcome for women battling breast cancer.

If you or a loved one is facing a breast cancer diagnosis, don’t hesitate to seek consultation. Early detection and the right surgical approach can save lives and improve quality of life.